replace(replace的固定搭配)难以置信

第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATom Sawyer Play Is an Adventu

 

第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）      阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATom Sawyer Play Is an Adventure。

      A 35-minute hand-clapping, foot-stomping musical version of a Mark Twain favorite returns with this Tall Stacks festival.

      “Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure” has all the good stuff, including the fence painting, the graveyard, the island and the cave. It is adapted by Joe McDonough, with music by David Kisor. That’s the local stage writing team that creates many of the Children’s Theatre of Cincinnati’s original musicals, along with the holiday family musicals at Ensemble Theatre.

      This year Nathan Turner of Burlington is Tom Sawyer, and Robbie McMath of Fort Mitchell is Huck Finn.

      Turner, a 10th-grader at School for Creative and Performing Arts, is a familiar presence on Cincinnati’s stages. He is a star actor of Children’s Theatre, having played leading roles in “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” and “The Wizard of Oz,” and is fresh from Jersey Production “Ragtime.”

      McMath is a junior at Beechwood High School. He was in the cast of “Tom Sawyer” when it was first performed and is a Children’s Theatre regular, with five shows to his credit. This summer he attended Kentucky’s Governor’s School for the Arts in Musical Theatre.

      Note to teachers: Children’s Theatre has a study guide demonstrating how math and science can be taught through “Tom Sawyer.” For downloadable lessons, visit the official website of Children’s Theatre.

21. Who wrote the music for “Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure”?A. David Kisor. B. Joe McDonough.C. Nathan Turner. 

D. Robbie McMath.22. What can we learn about the two actors?A. They study in the same school.B. They worked together in “Ragtime”.

C. They are experienced on stage.D. They became friends ten years ago.23. What does Children’s Theatre provide for teachers?

A. Research funding. B. Training opportunities.C. Technical support. D. Educational resources.      本文是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍由马克

·吐温的作品所改编的音乐剧《汤姆·索亚：河上历险记》      21. A  细节理解题根据第二段中的“It is adapted by Joe McDonough, with music by David Kisor.(。

本剧由乔·麦克多诺改编，大卫·基索作曲)”可知，本剧是由大卫·基索作曲的故选A项      22. C 细节理解题根据第四段中的“Tumer, a 10th-grader at School for Creative and Performing Arts, is a familiar presence on Cincinnati’s stages. He is a star act or of Children’s Theatre, having played leading roles in “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” and “The Wizard of Oz,” and is fresh from Jersey Production “Ragtime”.(Tumer。

是一名创意与表演艺术学校的10年级学生，是辛辛那提舞台上的常客他是儿童剧院的明星演员，曾在《断头谷的传说》和《绿野仙踪》中担任主角，也是新泽西制作公司‘Ragtime’的新成员)”可知，Tumer是辛辛那提舞台上的常客，

儿童剧院的明星演员，曾在《断头谷的传说》和《绿野仙踪》中担任主角；根据第五段中的“McMath is a junior at Beechwood High School. He was in the cast of “Tom Sewyer” when it was first performed and is a Children’s Theatre regular, with five shows to his credit.(McMath

是比奇伍德高中的三年级学生他是《汤姆·休厄》首演时的演员，也是儿童剧院的常客，演出了五场)”可知，McMath也是儿童剧院的常客；综合以上信息可知，这两位演员在舞台上经验丰富故选C项      23. D 。

细节理解题根据尾段中的“Note to teachers: Children’s Theatre has a study guide demonstrating how math and science can be taught through “Tom Sawyer.” For downloadable lessons, visit the official website of Children’s Theatre.(。

给老师们的提示：儿童剧院有一份学习指南，展示了如何通过《汤姆·索亚》教授数学和科学如欲下载课程，请访问儿童剧院官方网站)”可知，儿童剧院为教师提供了一份学习指南，展示如何通过《汤姆·索亚》教授数学和科学，可通过儿童剧院的网站下载课程；由此可知，儿童剧院为教师提供了教育资源。

故选D项B      When was the last time you used a telephone box? I mean to make an actual phone call — not to shelter from the rain. Ages ago, right? The last time I used a phone box for its intended purpose was … 2006. I was conducting auditions (试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London. Hoping to impress some talented actors to come and work for me for nothing, I spread some throws over the sofas and lit candles to make 。

it seem a bit more “young professional”.      As I rushed outdoors to empty the wastepaper baskets, the door swung shut behind me. Suddenly I was locked outside. My mobile phone was inside, but luckily there was a telephone box across the street. So, I called Directory Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived.

       As it has been many years since I last used one, I should hardly be surprised that there are no longer any public telephones near my house. The last one standing has just been turned into a “mini community library”: any passer-by can “borrow” a book from its shelves, and return it later, or replace it with another title from their own collection.

      For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn’t bother taking a look, as I had assumed that it would be stuffed full of cheesy love stories. Then I noticed folk conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on various subjects there. And these books were free. This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I’ve discovered some great books!

      If I ever get trapped outside my house again, my local telephone box will, sadly, no longer be able to connect me with my keys. But it can certainly keep me entertained while I wait for my wife to rescue me.

24. What does the word “it” underlined in the first paragraph refer to?A. The play. B. The shared house.

C. The sofa. D. The telephone box.25. Why did the author use the telephone box in 2006?A. To place an urgent call. 

B. To put up a notice.C. To shelter from the rain. D. To hold an audition.26. What do we know about the “mini community library”?

A. It provides phone service for free.B. Anyone can contribute to its collection.C. It is popular among young readers.

D. Books must be returned within a month.27. Why did the author start to use the “library”?A. He wanted to borrow some love stories.

B. He was encouraged by a close neighbour.C. He found there were excellent free books.D. He thought it was an ideal place for reading.

      这是一篇记叙文随着手机的普及，电话亭渐渐地被人们遗忘，作者家附近的最后一个电话亭被改造成了“迷你图书馆”，作者偶然发现那里有很多不错的免费书籍，这让作者觉得很棒      24. B 词句猜测题。

根据第一段第五句“I was conducting auditions (试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London.(我当时在伦敦我那狭小的合租房子里为我的剧本进行试演。

)”可知，此处是指使“我”的合租房看起来更“年轻专业”一点，所以it代指“合租房”故选B25. A 细节理解题根据第二段第四句“So, I called Directory Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived.(。

所以，我打电话给电话查号台，接通了女房东的经纪人，他们给了我一把备用钥匙，刚好来得及在演员们到来之前回去)”可知，作者在2006年使用电话亭是为了拨打紧急电话故选A26. B 细节理解题根据第三段第二句。

“The last one standing has just been turn into a “mini community library”: any passer-by can “borrow” a book from its shelves return it later, or replace it with another title from their own collection.(

最后一个被改造成了一个“迷你社区图书馆”：任何路过的人都可以从它的书架上“借”书，以后还回来，或者用自己收藏的另一本书来替换)”可知，任何人都可以为“迷你社区图书馆”的捐赠图书故选B      27. C 。

细节理解题根据第四段最后四句“Then I noticed fork conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on various subjects there. And these books were free. This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I’ve discovered some great books!(然后我注意到福克正在进行春季大扫除，把各种主题的大书一箱箱地扔到那里。

而且这些书是免费的这个无与伦比的价格点鼓励我尝试许多我通常不会考虑购买的标题我还发现了一些很棒的书！)”可知，作者发现“迷你图书馆”里有很多免费的很棒的书，所以开始使用故选CC       On September 7, 1991, the costliest hailstorm (雹暴) in Canadian history hit Calgary’s southern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project. Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones. But farmers in east-central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.

       Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years. “Basically, the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary-Edmonton urban area from hail,” Mr. Stienwand says, “but they’re increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.”

      The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss, a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification Inc. of Fargo, North Dakota. “We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot be causing drought,” Dr. Krauss says. “In fact, we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating wetter ground.”

      One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma. “In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes (龙卷风) form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas,” Dr. Doswell says. “Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind? No one really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.”

      Given the degree of doubt, Mr. Stienwand suggests, “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect. Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety.

28. What does the project aim to do?A. Conserve moisture in the soil.B. Prevent the formation of hailstones.

C. Forecast disastrous hailstorms.D. Investigate chemical use in farming.29. Who are opposed to the project?

A. Farmers in east-central Alberta.B. Managers of insurance companies.C. Provincial government officials.

D. Residents of Calgary and Edmonton.30. Why does Dr. Doswell mention the tornadoes he saw in 1999?A. To compare different kinds of seeding methods.

B. To illustrate the development of big hailstorms.C. To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding.

D. To show the link between storms and moisture.31. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right.

B. Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada.C. The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared.

D. Cloud-seeding companies will continue to exist.      这是一篇说明文文章主要介绍了1991年9月7日，加拿大历史上损失最大的冰雹袭击了卡尔加里的南郊。

因此，自1996年以来，一组保险公司每年在艾伯塔省冰雹抑制项目上花费约200万美元飞机在有威胁的风暴中心中播撒一种化学物质，使小冰晶在变成危险的冰雹之前像雨一样落下但是，在艾伯塔省中东部的农民们担心，“冰雹计划”飞行的下风处，宝贵的水分正被人工降雨从他们干渴的土地上偷走。

      28. B 细节理解题根据第一段中“As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project. Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain before they can grow into dangerous hailstones.(。

因此，自1996年以来，一组保险公司每年在艾伯塔省冰雹抑制项目上花费约200万美元飞机在有威胁的风暴中心中播撒一种化学物质，使小冰晶在变成危险的冰雹之前像雨一样落下)”可知，这个项目的目标是防止冰雹的形成。

故选B项      29. A 细节理解题根据第一段中“But farmers in east-central Alberta — downwind of the hail project flights — worry that precious moisture (。

水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.(但是，在艾伯塔省中东部的农民们担心，“冰雹计划”飞行的下风处，宝贵的水分正被人工降雨从他们干渴的土地上偷走

)”可知，艾伯塔省中东部的农民反对这个项目故选A项       30. C 推理判断题根据倒数第二段“One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the University of Oklahoma. “In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes (。

龙卷风) form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas,” Dr. Doswell says. “Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind? No one really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.”(

查克·多斯韦尔是一位刚刚从俄克拉何马大学退休的研究科学家，他对人工降雨的安全性持怀疑态度“1999年，我在堪萨斯州亲眼目睹了由种子风暴细胞形成的重大龙卷风，”多斯韦尔博士说“人工降雨会制造致命风暴还是减少顺风处的水分？。

当然，没有人真正知道，但是播种还在继续”)”可推知，多斯韦尔博士提到他在1999年看到的龙卷风是为了提示人工降雨可能带来的危险故选C项      31. D推理判断题根据最后一段“Given the degree of doubt, Mr. Stienwand suggests, “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice, doubt has had the opposite effect. Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative legal safety.(。

考虑到质疑的程度，斯廷旺德建议，“停止人工降雨是明智的”在实践中，怀疑产生了相反的效果由于缺乏有关其影响的科学证据，没有人成功地赢得了对人工降雨公司的诉讼因此，私人气候工程可以在相对合法的安全条件下进行。

)”可推知，从最后一段我们能推断出人工降雨公司将继续存在故选D项D       The Stanford marshmallow (棉花糖) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connection between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success.。

      As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We’ re not tempted (诱惑) by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets — all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.

      We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value — a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat.

      A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now ceaselessly bombarded (轰炸) with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.

32. What did the children need to do to get a second treat in Mischel’s test?A. Take an examination alone.

B. Show respect for the researchers.C. Share their treats with others.D. Delay eating for fifteen minutes.

33. According to paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between ______.A. the calorie-poor world and our good appetites

B. the shortage of sugar and our nutritional needsC. the rich food supply and our unchanged brainsD. the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit

34. What does the author suggest readers do?A. Absorb new information readily.B. Be selective information consumers.

C. Use diverse information sources.D. Protect the information environment.35. Which of the following is the best title for the text?

A. Eat Less, Read MoreB. The Bitter Truth about Early HumansC. The Later, the BetterD. The Marshmallow Test for Grownups

      这是一篇说明文在信息化时代我们作为成年人每天都在面对棉花糖测试，信息轰炸让我们摄入了太多精神“垃圾食品”，文章对此进行了介绍      32. D 细节理解题根据第一段第四句“Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be given a second treat.(。

每个孩子都被告知，如果他们在吃之前等待15分钟，他们将得到第二次奖励)”可知，在米歇尔的测试中，孩子们需要在吃之前等待15分钟才能得到第二次奖励故选D      33. C 细节理解题根据第三段最后一句。

“But as we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat.(

但是，当我们重塑了我们周围的世界，大大减少了获取卡路里的成本和努力时，我们的大脑仍然和几千年前一样，这种不匹配是我们这么多人努力抵抗我们知道不应该吃的诱人食物的核心原因)”可知，根据第三段可知，丰富的食物供应和我们不曾改变的大脑之间存在不匹配。

故选C      34. B 细节理解题根据最后一段最后一句“Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.(。

因此，就像我们需要更仔细地考虑我们的热量消耗一样，我们也需要更仔细地考虑我们的信息消耗，抵制精神“垃圾食品”的诱惑，以便最有效地管理我们的时间)”可知，作者建议读者做有选择性的信息消费者故选B      35. D。

文章标题题根据第二段“As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day. We’ re not tempted (诱惑) by sugary treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets — all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.(。

作为成年人，我们每天都要面对棉花糖测试诱惑我们的不是甜食，而是我们的电脑、手机和平板电脑——所有这些将我们与全球信息传递系统连接起来的设备，它们对我们的作用就像棉花糖对学龄前儿童的作用一样)”可知，文章主要是讲在信息化时代我们作为成年人每天都在面对棉花糖测试，信息轰炸让我们摄入。

了太多精神“垃圾食品”故选D第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）      阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项      In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience. ___36___ But are all online courses created equal? How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you?  ___37___ We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses.。

       The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. ___38___“I think a point that many people lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman. Before choosing to study online, consider whether you’re a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep you going.

      The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you would do with in-person courses.  ___39___ He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards. 

      ___40___ A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-person meetings with your professor to discuss course concepts.

A. But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines.B. Your motivation should be your main concern.C. Do you know that online courses are also part of your education?

D. Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.E. The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction.

F. If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade?G. A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.

      这是一篇说明文文章主要说明了在线学习的注意事项      36. G 由上文“In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience. (。

在过去的几年里，在线学习已经成为大学生活的重要组成部分)”可知，在线学习对大学生活很重要，本空要说跟“这种现象的具体表现”有关的话题，故G选项“A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses. (

一项调查发现，29%的大学生注册了在线课程)”能承接上文，符合题意故选G      37. F 由上文“If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade?。

 (但是所有的在线课程都是平等的吗？你如何确定数字化学习适合你？)”可知，上文对在线课程提出疑问，本空可以继续提出疑问，故F选项“If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade? (

如果你参加了在线课程，你能做些什么来确保尽可能好的成绩？)”能承接上文，符合题意故选F      38. A 由上文“The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. (。

在线学习最明显的优势是你可以随时随地学习)”可知，在线学习具备的优势是可以让你随时随地学习，本空要说跟“学习时间”有关的话题，故A选项“But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines. (

但这并不意味着没有最后期限)”与上文构成转折关系，that指代上一句话，符合题意故选A      39. D 由下文“He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. (他指出，他的在线学生最终的成绩通常较低)”可知，本空要说跟“在线老师”有关的话题，故D选项“Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online. (Alex Davidson教授亲自授课和在线授课)”能引起下文，下文中的He指代D项中的“Alex Davidson教授”，符合题意。

故选D      40. E由下文“A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-person meeting s with your professor to discuss course concepts. (社会关系通常是学习的重要组成部分。

你可以做一些事情来缓解这个问题本科生杰西卡·平克建议和朋友一起参加在线课程，这样你们就可以互相激励，坚持下去你也可以在课堂讨论板上找到学生，组织一个学习小组，或者安排与教授面对面的会议，讨论课程概念)”可知，本空要说跟“人们之间的互动”有关的话题，故E选项“The chief complain t about online courses is that they lack human interaction. (对在线课程的主要抱怨是它们缺乏人与人之间的互动。

)”能引起下文，符合题意故选E第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）      阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

      While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful ___41___ with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man ___42___ me on the train. My ___43___ friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the ___44___ to practice my Chinese.

      Over several hours he would tell me about how he had ___45___ a two-year professional school to quickly find a job ___46___ highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps most ___47___, however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye he would ___48___ a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American ___49___ as a whole. “And what do you all learn about Russian authors?” I  ___50___ him asking at one point.

      It would have been easy to ___51___ my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed,  ___52___, and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he ___53___ me just how much one can gain from ___54___ with an open mind, and a willingness to ___55___ with locals from all walks of life.

      这是一篇记叙文文章主要讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子，在交谈中发现，年轻人见多识广、自学成才，是一个令人钦佩的人      41. B 考查名词词义辨析句意：我在中国西北部的塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘坐了20个小时的火车时，其间我与一个当地人有了一种谦卑、有教育意义的，最重要的是，美妙的邂逅，这是所有旅行者都渴望的。

A. experiment实验；B. encounter邂逅；C. competition比赛；D. appointment任命根据后文“with a local that all travelers long for”指作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。

故选B      42. D考查动词词义辨析句意：一位年轻中国男子在火车上向我走来A. treated对待；B. saved拯救；C. lectured演讲；D. approached靠近根据后文“me on the train”以及后文两人交谈，可知一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。

故选D      43. C考查形容词词义辨析句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文A. true真的；B. so-called所谓的；C. new新的；D. long-lost很久不见的。

根据上文“A young Chinese man”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新朋友故选C      44. A考查名词词义辨析句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。

A. chance机会；B. advice建议；C. trouble麻烦；D. right权利根据后文“to practice my Chinese”可知，作者抓住这个机会练习中文故选A      45. 。

C考查动词词义辨析句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭A. visited拜访；B. financed提供资金；C. attended参加，上(学)；

D. founded成立根据后文“a two-year professional school”可知，指这个年轻人去上了一个为期两年的专业学校故选C      46. A考查动词词义辨析句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。

A. building修建；B. sweeping打扫；C. checking检查；D. guarding守卫根据后文“highways in order to help support his family”可知，年轻人修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。

故选A      47. D考查形容词词义辨析句意：然而，也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习A. typical典型的；B. obvious显然的；C. natural自然的；。

D. remarkable引人注目的根据后文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.”可知，这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。

故选D      48. B考查动词词义辨析句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响A. publish出版；B. quote引用；C. copy复制；D. download下载。

根据后文“a translated Emerson passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，故选B      49. A考查名词词义辨析句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译过的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。

A. writers作者；B. historians历史学家；C. workers工人；D. students学生根据上文“a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American”以及后文“And what do you all learn about Russian authors?(你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？。

)”可知，年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作家感兴趣故选A      50. C考查动词词义辨析句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过A. anticipate预期；B. imagine想象；C. recall记起；

D. catch抓住根据后文“him asking at one point”可知，作者在回忆年轻人提过的问题故选C      51. B考查动词短语辨析句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。

A. look into调查；B. rely on依靠；C. go over复习；D. deal with处理根据后文“my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知，年轻人从来没有离开过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。

故选B      52. D 考查形容词词义辨析句意：但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做A. well-behaved行为端正的；B. multi-skilled多技能的；C. warm-hearted热心的；。

D. self-educated自学的呼应上文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.(这个人每天在繁重的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习)”，指这个年轻人的自学能力。

故选D      53. C考查动词词义辨析句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获A. asked询问；B. warned警告；C. showed展示；

D. promised承诺根据后文“me just how much one can gain from”指年轻人通过自己向作者展示了一个人可以从开放的心态和愿意与各行各业的当地人交往中获得多少收获故选C。

      54. A考查动词词义辨析句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获A. traveling旅行；B. reading阅读；。

C. searching搜索；D. teaching教学根据后文“with an open mind, and a willingness to”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以是指带着开放的心态旅行，故选A。

      55. D考查动词词义辨析句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获A. cooperate合作；B. side边；C. negotiate协商；

D. engage参与根据后文“with locals from all walks of life”指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with表示“与……接触”故选D第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）。

      阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式      The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ___56___ (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home ___57___you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh.。

      Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ___58___ will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ___59___ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed.

      Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the ___60___ (criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ___61___ (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day.

      If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets ___62___ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs  ___63___ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section,  ___64___ other stays fresh. 

      Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking ___65___ (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well.

      这是一篇说明文文章对商家各式各样的促销手段进行了介绍      56. to benefit 考查动词不定式句意：然而，如果你是想买一件，那么多买一件来享受降价是没有意义的根据“buying extra”和“from price reductions”可知，此处是指多买一件来享受降价，所以应用to do不定式作目的状语。

故填to benefit      57. or考查固定句式句意：要么你买的东西太重，搬不回家，要么你买的东西还新鲜，就不能用了either...or...意为“要么……要么……”，为固定句式，所以此处应用连词or。

故填or      58. that/which考查定语从句句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which故填that/which。

      59. what考查名词性从句句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那他们就会推广在表语从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what故填what      60. criticis。

m考查名词句意：许多超市不再进行“买一送一”的促销活动，因为有人批评这种活动会造成浪费根据“that they lead to waste”可知，此处应用名词criticism表示“批评”作宾语故填criticism。

       61. be offered 考查含有情态动词的被动语态句意：然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以小包装出售，那就更好了动词offer意为“提供”，和主语构成被动关系，主语they代指前文中的sausages。

在情态动词could后动词应用原形故填be offered      62. have started考查现在完成时句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份根据“Over the last two years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。

动词start意为“开始”故填have started      63. designed 考查过去分词句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份动词design意为“设计”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语packs构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。

故填designed      64. the 考查冠词句意：然后，当你使用其中一部分时，另一部分保持新鲜the other意为“另一个”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用定冠词the故填the      65. ones 。

考查代词句意：谁知道呢，也许一些更有远见的人可能还会推出一系列“只为你”的包装尺寸，并提供特别优惠代词one意为“一个人”，在some of后应用复数形式故填ones第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）。

第一节（满分15分）      请你写一篇短文向校英文报“Sports and Health”栏目投稿，向同学们推荐一项适合课间开展的运动，内容包括：      1. 介绍这项运动；      2. 说明推荐理由。

注意：      1. 写作词数应为80 个左右；      2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答Stand Up and Exercise, Everybody!Stand Up and Exercise, Everybody!。

      Everybody! Are you tired of sitting in class all day? How about incorporating some physical activity into your daily routine? One great option is the “Stand Up and Stretch” exercise. This simple routine involves standing up from your desk, stretching your arms, legs and back, and taking a few deep breaths. It’s a quick and easy way to get your blood flowing and re-energize your body and mind. This exercise is recommended for several reasons.

      First, it helps to combat the negative effects of prolonged sitting, such as back pain and stiffness. Second, it can improve your focus and concentration, making it easier to stay engaged in class. Lastly, it promotes a healthy and active lifestyle, which is essential for overall well-being.

      So, next time you feel a bit sluggish during class, remember to stand up and stretch! It’s a small change that can make a big difference in your day.

      本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇短文向校英文报“Sports and Health”栏目投稿，向同学们推荐一项适合课间开展的运动1. 词汇积累厌倦：be tired of→be fed up with。

首先：first→above all减轻：combat→relieve提高：improve→enhance2. 句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：This simple routine involves standing up from your desk, stretching your arms, legs and back, and taking a few deep breaths.

拓展句：This is a simple routine that involves standing up from your desk, stretching your arms, legs and back, and taking a few deep breaths.

[高分句型1] Lastly, it promotes a healthy and active lifestyle, which is essential for overall well-being. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)

[高分句型2] This simple routine involves standing up from your desk, stretching your arms, legs and back, and taking a few deep breaths. (运用了动名词作宾语)

[高分句型3] It’s a small change that can make a big difference in your day. (运用了that引导的定语从句)第二节（满分25分）      阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

      Eva spent the first week of high school trying to keep her head above water. One of the major headaches for her was finding her way in the huge school building. It was a six-story building. On each floor, hallways stretched in four directions, leading to classrooms, laboratories, and teachers’ offices. Somewhere in the building, there was also a library, a cafeteria, and a gym.

      Having a poor sense of direction, Eva found it impossible to get around in such a huge building. All the different hallways and rooms were too much to think about, let alone commit to memory. She decided that she would memorize where her classes were and then pretend that the rest of the place didn’t exist.

      In her first PE class , Eva was shocked when Coach Pitt announced that everyone had to run one mile around the track outside. She searched the faces of her classmates for signs of panic. There was nothing she feared more than having to run a whole mile. To Eva, “a mile” was used to describe long distances. It was ten miles from her home to her grandfather’s, and that always seemed like a long way, even in a car!

      When Coach Pitt blew his whistle (哨子), Eva figured she would be left in the dust. However, while some of her classmates edged ahead, others actually fell behind. “It’s just the beginning,” she thought. “I’ll come in last for sure.”

      Soon Eva began to breathe hard, with her heart pounding and legs shaking. Feeling desperate, Eva started using a mind trick on herself. She stopped thinking about the word “mile.” Instead, she focused on reaching the shadow cast on the track by an oak tree up ahead. Then she concentrated on jogging to the spot where the track curved (拐弯). After that, she tried to see if she could complete her first lap. One lap turned into two, then three, then four.

注意：      1. 续写词数应为150个左右；      2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答      When Coach Pitt said “Nice work!” to her at the finish line, Eva was surprised.。

      Eva decided to use the same trick to deal with the school building.When Coach Pitt said “Nice work!” to her at the finish line, Eva was surprised. 

In the vast expanse of her school, a girl with poor directional skills struggled to navigate and often got lost. One day, during gym class, she observed a unique way to find her way - following the shadows of trees.  As the sun cast its rays, the girl noticed how the shadows created patterns on the ground, guiding her path. She took a leap of faith and followed the shadows, surprising herself with each turn and stretch.  Her efforts were noticed by the teacher, who praised her innovative thinking.

 Eva decided to use the same trick to deal with the school building. She used the shadows to navigate the school hallways, find her classes, and even locate the schools various facilities. This newfound skill not only helped the girl navigate her school but also instilled in her a sense of confidence and adventure. She learned excitedly that with a little creativity and observation, any challenge could be overcome. And with each step she took, she left behind a legacy of inspiration for those who followed in her footsteps, knowing that even without a clear sense of direction, theres always a way to find ones way.

      本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了高中生Eva因为方向感不强，经常在学校里迷路，在一次体育课上教练要求他们沿着校园跑步的时候Eva发现跟着树的影子能找到方向，她通过这个方法重新认识到了校园1. 段落续写：。

①由第一段首句内容“当Pitt教练在终点线对她说:“干得好!”，伊娃很惊讶”可知，第一段可描写Eva通过自己追随影子的方法找到方向，并且受到了教练的称赞②由第二段首句内容“Eva决定用同样的手段来记住学校大楼。

”可知，第二段可描写Eva通过记住影子的方法来记住学校大楼并且通过这件事之后的感悟2. 续写线索：方向感太差记不住学校建筑的位置——体育课上绕着学校跑却找不到方向——害怕最后一名心里非常紧张——跟随影子找到方向——受到教练的赞赏——获得感悟

3. 词汇激活行为类①努力做某事：struggle to do sth./strive to do sth.②导航：navigate/guide③了解：learn/know/acknowledge情绪类

①使某人惊讶：surprise sb./astonish sb.②激动地：excitedly/in excitement[高分句型1] Her efforts were noticed by the teacher, who praised her innovative thinking.（who引导的非限制性定语从句）

[高分句型2] She learned that with a little creativity and observation, any challenge could be overcome.（that引导的宾语从句）

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